What is herpangina
Herpangina is a common viral infectious disease, mainly caused by Coxsackie A virus. It mostly affects children, especially children under 5 years old. The disease is mainly characterized by oral mucosal herpes and pharyngeal inflammation, often accompanied by symptoms such as fever and sore throat. The following is a detailed analysis of herpangina.
1. Causes and transmission routes of herpangina
The main causative agent of herpangina is coxsackievirus group A, especially type A16. In addition, enterovirus EV71 may also cause similar symptoms. The virus mainly spreads through the following ways:
| Transmission route | Description |
|---|---|
| droplet spread | Spread through droplets when a sick person coughs, sneezes or talks. |
| contact spread | After coming into contact with objects or skin contaminated by the virus, then touch the mucous membranes such as the mouth, nose, eyes, etc. |
| fecal-oral transmission | Transmitted through contact with patient's feces or contaminated food or water sources. |
2. Clinical manifestations of herpangina
The incubation period of herpangina is usually 3-5 days, and the main symptoms after onset are the following:
| Symptoms | Description |
|---|---|
| Fever | The body temperature can reach 38-40℃ and last for 1-3 days. |
| sore throat | The pain in the pharynx is obvious and affects eating and drinking. |
| oral herpes | Gray-white herpes appear on the pharynx, soft palate, tonsils, etc., with redness around them. |
| Other symptoms | It may be accompanied by headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, etc. |
3. Diagnosis and treatment of herpangina
The diagnosis of herpangina mainly relies on clinical manifestations and epidemiological history, and laboratory tests (such as viral nucleic acid testing) can be used to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is mainly symptomatic support:
| Treatment measures | Description |
|---|---|
| antipyretic treatment | Use acetaminophen or ibuprofen to control fever. |
| oral care | Use a light salt water gargle or topical spray to relieve pain. |
| Rehydration | Encourage drinking more fluids and intravenous fluids if necessary. |
| antiviral drugs | Generally there is no need to use it, but it can be considered in severe cases. |
4. Preventive measures for herpangina
The key to preventing herpangina is to cut off transmission routes and enhance immunity:
| Precautions | Description |
|---|---|
| personal hygiene | Wash your hands frequently and avoid contact with patient secretions. |
| Environmental disinfection | Disinfect items that patients come into contact with. |
| avoid gatherings | During the epidemic period, avoid going to crowded places. |
| Enhance immunity | Eat a balanced diet, exercise moderately, and get enough sleep. |
5. The difference between herpangina and hand, foot and mouth disease
Herpangina and hand, foot and mouth disease are both caused by enteroviruses, but their clinical manifestations are different:
| Features | herpangina | Hand, foot and mouth disease |
|---|---|---|
| Herpes location | Mainly limited to pharynx and oral cavity | Mouth, hands, feet, buttocks, etc. |
| Fever | Common, mostly high fever | Mostly low to moderate fever |
| Complications | less common | May cause encephalitis, myocarditis, etc. |
6. Recent hot topics and developments related to herpangina
Recently, herpangina has become epidemic in some areas, causing parents to pay attention. The following is relevant hot content in the past 10 days:
| hot topics | Content overview |
|---|---|
| High incidence period in summer | Experts remind that summer is the season of high incidence of herpetic angina, and prevention needs to be strengthened. |
| School prevention and control measures | Schools in many places have carried out disinfection and health monitoring to prevent clusters of epidemics. |
| Parents worry | Some parents share their caregiving experiences on social media when their children are sick. |
| Vaccine R&D Progress | Vaccine research against coxsackievirus has achieved initial results. |
Although herpangina is common, most cases have a good prognosis. Parents do not need to panic excessively, but they need to pay attention to changes in the condition and seek medical treatment in time. Maintaining good hygiene is key to prevention.
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